A 1674–75 Ottoman Turkish Tuḥfat al-Ḥaramayn, predating Nābī’s pilgrimage account Americas by some he would be

by some he would be remembered as the “incarnation of all the “evils inherent in human slavery” (Henry Bleby in Death Struggles of Slavery

Grégoire's speech faced significant resistance

oversaw the inquiry and broader naval reforms

The manuscript is further distinguished by its focus on crest devices (timbres)

A 1674–75 Ottoman Turkish Tuḥfat al-Ḥaramayn, predating Nābī’s pilgrimage account Americas by some he would beal jj Muammad Efendi [scribe]; [Ysuf Nb Efendi, 10521124 AH 16421712 CE (?)]. Tufat al aramayn. Ottoman lands, place not stated, colophon dated 1085 AH 167475 CE. Ottoman Turkish manuscript on European watermarked paper (ca. 21,5 x 16,5 cm). 73 leaves, text in black ink, mostly 19 lines per page, in a neat Turkish naskh hand, with catchwords. Bound in a probably contemporary or early Ottoman style brown leather binding, covers blind tooled with ruled